The first ever (as far as I know)Open-Source Picture Archiving and Communications System (PACS), for running a filmless X-Ray service can be found here.

From Auntminnie.com , a radiology site:
“At the 2001 European Congress of Radiology in Vienna, Dr. Claudio Saccavini from the department of medical and diagnostic sciences at the University of Padova in Italy talked about his team’s efforts to build a Linux-based PACS.
Saccavini and his team plan to distribute their PACS software on the Internet as a no-cost open-source application in the coming months at http://www.rad.unipd.it/raynux/.”

Proprietary PACS systems are incredibly expensive, so this is potentially a highly significant development.

http://www.auntminnie.com/index.asp?Sec=sup&Sub=pac&Pag=dis&ItemId=50608